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to do this is to hit a sacrifice fly ball。 Another way is to bunt—that is； simply hold the bat out toward a pitch rather than swing the bat； so that when the ball is hit； it rolls slowly toward the infield。 Ordinarily； in a sacrifice； the batter is put out； and the runner reaches the next base safely。 Runners also may advance by stealing a base。 They may steal only under certain circumstances； such as when the pitcher is delivering a pitch or when the catcher drops the ball。 To prevent steals； fielders must tag the runners by touching them
with the ball。 If the batter hits the ball； fielders have opportunities to prevent the batter from reaching a base safely； known as putting the batter out。 For example； a batter is ruled out if a fielder catches a batted ball before it hits the ground； in foul or fair territory。 A batter is also out if a fielder holding the ball tags the batter or tags first base before the batter can reach it。 Fielders often retrieve the ball from where it is hit and throw it to the player covering first base； who tags the base。 If the batter reaches first base safely； however； fielders have additional opportunities to put players out and prevent a run。 If a runner occupies a base to which a subsequent batter or runner must advance； runners are forced to move to the next base。 In a force； fielders can put the runner out by tagging the base before the runner reaches it。 If there is no force—that is； if there is no runner approaching from the preceding base—fielders must tag the runner out。
棒球比赛是围绕投手和击球员进行的。投手是第一个有机会让击球员出局的球员。投手把球投向击球员，让球从好球区通过，“好球区”就是在本垒板正上方，在击球员的腋部和膝部之间的部位。如果击球员没有击中投在此区域的球，叫做“击”，或者叫好球。如果击球员挥棒但没有击中球；或者在两击之前把球击出界外，也叫好球。三击不中，击球员即被判出局。投到好球区以外的球，击球员没有击中，则叫“球”或者叫坏球。如果投手投了4个坏球，击球员进至一垒，叫做保送。裁判宣判投球为击或球。安全进垒的击球员就成为跑垒员。后位击球员击中球后，跑垒员就可跑垒。如果击中的球被接住，跑垒员可以跑垒，但只能在球被接住后才能离垒。有时后位击球员可以制造牺牲打，让跑垒员进垒。击球员可击打高飞的牺牲打，还可以打触击打，即用球棒挡击球，而不是挥棒击球，使球向内场缓慢滚动。一般在牺牲打中，击球员会被触杀出局，而跑垒员则可安全进垒。跑垒员还能偷垒。但只有特定情况才能偷垒：比如在投手投球时或在接球员没接到投球时。为阻止偷垒，守场员必须用球触击跑垒员。即使击球员击中球，守场员仍有机会阻止击球员安全上垒，即把击球员杀出局。比如，击出的高飞球在落地前被守场员接住，击球员即被接杀出局。如果持球的守场员触及击球员或者在击球员进至一垒前触垒，击球员也被触杀出局。守场员接到被击出的球，传给在一垒防守的球员，使其触垒。如果击球员安全进至一垒，守场员还是有机会阻止跑垒，把球员触杀出局。如果一个跑垒员进垒，那么后位击球员或其他跑垒员也必须被迫上垒。在被迫上垒时，守场员可在跑垒员进垒时触垒，将跑垒员触杀出局。如果没有被迫上垒，守场员必须把跑垒员触杀出局。
More about Baseball
Pitch投球：
A pitch is a ball delivered to the batter by the pitcher。 All other deliveries of the ball by one player to another are thrown balls。
Strike zone好球区
The area over home plate between the batter's armpits and the top of his knees； where a pitch is called a strike even if he does not swing the bat。
Ball坏球
A pitch outside the strike zone that the batter does not try to hit。
Set Position侧身投球
One of the two legal pitching positions。
Wind Up Position正面投球
One of the two legal pitching positions。
Fast Ball快球
Curve Ball曲线球
Slider外侧旋转球
Screwball内曲线球
Change…up慢球
Forkball下坠球
Knuckle Ball不旋转球
Wild Pitch暴投：
A wild pitch is one so high； so low； or so wide of the plate that it cannot be handled with ordinary effort by the catcher。
Out出局：
The objective for teams playing in the field is to get three players on the batting team out。
A batter is out when 1） he hits a ball； fair or foul； that is caught by a fielder before it touches the ground； 2） he is tagged； or first base is touched by a fielder holding the ball before the batter gets there； or 3） he strikes out。
A base runner is out when 1） he is between bases and is tagged by a fielder holding the ball or 2） he is forced out。
Strikeout三击不中出局（投杀出局、三振出局）：
The pitcher delivers three strikes preventing the batter from hitting the ball。
Fly out接杀出局：
There is fly out any time a defensive player catches an opponents batted ball before it touches the ground。 The batter is out。 This catch can be performed in any area of the field； also in foul territory。
The runners who are on the bases may try to advance to the next base only after the ball has touched the glove of the defensive player who catches it。
Force out 封杀出局：
The pitcher delivers his pitch。 The batter； once having hit the ball is obliged to advance to first base。 Then the defensive team may record a force out： by picking up the ball and throwing it to the first baseman （who must touch base） before the batter touches the base：
SAFE
OUT
An out made when a baserunner； forced to run because another team…mate must run to the base he is occupying； cannot make the next base safely。
Tag out触杀：
When a fielder holding the ball touches a runner while he is off base or the actual base while ball is 'live'。
A tag is the action of a fielder in touching a base with his body while holding the ball securely and firmly in his hand or glove； or touching a runner with the ball； or with his hand or glove holding the ball； while holding the ball securely and firmly in his hand or glove。
Double Play双杀：
Double Play is an action in which the defensive team succeeds to make 2 outs in the course of a same play。
Triple play三杀：
Triple Play is an action in which the defensive team succeeds to put 3 outs in the course of a same play。 It is a very difficult play and therefore it seldom happens。
Pick Off（投手）牵制跑垒员的传球
The Pick Off is a defensive play which aims to refrain the runners on the bases from gaining too much ground。 The defensive team tries to catch the opposing runner off a base and perform a TAG out。
In the action of a Pick Off； the pitcher throws the ball to first base； instead of throwing it towards the hitter； attempting to surprise the runner。 The first baseman tries to tag the runner while he is not in contact with the base。
A good pick off motion is essential to the success of a pitcher； and therefore many work hard at perfecting their throw to first。
Safe安全：
Declaration by the umpire that a runner is entitled to the base for which he was trying。
Strike击打：
1。 A pitch judged by the umpire to have passed over home plate between the batter's armpits and the top of his knees。 2。 A pitch that the batter fails to hit when he swings。 3。 A foul ball when the batter has fewer than two strikes against him。
Line drive平直球：
A ball hit sharply in a straight line roughly parallel to the ground。
Foul tip擦棒球：
A ball that barely touches the bat before continuing to the catcher。
Fly ball腾空球：
A ball hit in the air to the outfield。
Bunt触击球：
An attempt by the batter to tap the ball instead of swinging at it。
Fair ball or Foul ball界内球、界外球：
Fair Territory界内区域：
That part of the playing field within； and including the first base and third base lines； from home base to the bottom of the playing field fence and perpendicularly upwards。 All foul lines are in fair territory
Foul Territory界外区域：
A part of the playing field outside the first and third base lines extended to the fence and perpendicularly upwards。
Batter： Fair Or Foul Ball？
内场看止点，外场看落点。
Home plate is in fair territory and is t