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ith two of the corners removed so that one edge is 17 inches long； two are 8 1/2 inches； and two are 12 inches。 It is set in the ground so that the 17…inch edge faces the pitcher's plate。
All bases； including home base； are in fair territory； and are 90 feet apart in the counterclockwise order in which they are to be run。
home base本垒，first base一垒，second base二垒，third base三垒
Baseline垒线：
The direct line between each base； along which the baserunner must generally run。
Pitching Mound投手区土墩：
The pitcher's mound is located near the middle of the diamond with its pitching rubber。 This is where the defense teams' pitcher positions himself to deliver the ball （pitch） and try to get out the opposing batter。
Pitcher's Rubber投手板：
A rectangular slab of white rubber 24 inches long and 6 inches wide set in the ground on the pitcher's mound。 The pitcher must have his foot on a part of the rubber when he starts his delivery。
Catcher's Box接手区：
Area within which the catcher shall stand until the pitcher delivers the ball。
Batter's Box击球区：
A rectangular area beside home plate where a batter stands to hit the pitch。 It is a six feet long and four feet wide rectangle； and the batter must keep both feet in the box at all times when he is hitting。
Waiting Box准备击球区：
They are two circles； one for each team located half way from the batting box and the dugout； where the hitter who is next in the batting order gets ready for his turn at bat。
Coaching Box 跑垒指导员区：
They are the two marked areas of the field reserved for the coaches who during the offensive phase direct the offensive strategies to the hitter and the runner。
Bullpen候补队员区：
Area next to the playing field； usually alongside the foul lines； where relief pitchers and other substitutes warm up。
Dugout or Bench 球员席位：
Seating facilities reserved for players； substitutes and other team members in uniform when they are not actively engaged on the playing field。
Manager主教练：
Person appointed by the club to be responsible for the team's actions on the field； and to represent the team in communications with the umpire and the opposing team。 A player may be appointed manager。
Coach教练员：
Team member in uniform appointed by the manager to perform such duties as the manager may designate； such as but not limited to acting as base coach。
Home Team主队或后攻队：
Team on whose grounds the game is played； or if the game is played on neutral grounds； the home team shall be designated by mutual agreement。
1B = First Base
2B = Second Base
3B = Third Base
C = Catcher
DH = Designated Hitter
OF = Outfielder
P = Pitcher
SS = Shortstop
Defense （Or Defensive） 守队或守队队员：
Team； or any player of the team； in the field。
Fielder守场员：
Any defensive player。
Pitcher （or “hurler”）投手：
Fielder designated to deliver the pitch to the batter。 The pitcher is the player who starts the defensive action by pitching with the objective to retire the opposing batter。 The pitcher positions himself on the mound； near the center of the diamond and delivers the ball keeping one foot in contact with the pitcher's plate until the ball has been released。 The target of his pitch shall be the strike zone。 The area which upper limit is a horizontal line at the midpoint between the top of the shoulders and the top of the uniform pants and the lower level is a horizontal line at the top of the kneecap。
Catcher接手：
Plays in a crouched position directly behind home plate and catches the baseball thrown by the pitcher。 Along with the pitcher； he decides which pitches should be thrown to each batter。
Battery投接搭档：
Pitcher and catcher。
Infielder内场手：
Fielder who occupies a position in the infield。
First Baseman一垒手：
Positioned next to the bag at first。 He fields the baseball when it is hit down the first base foul line and also covers the base on “force plays。”
Second Baseman二垒手：
Plays in the gap between second base and the first baseman。 He fields the “grounders” and “pop…ups” hit to this part of the infield； covers plays to second； and relays throws from the outfielders。
Shortstop游击手：
Stands between second and third base and fields balls hit to this side of the infield。 He is often involved in force plays and “double plays” with the second baseman。
Third Baseman三垒手：
Plays just to the left of third base。 He covers third when runners approach and is responsible for fielding balls hit down the third base foul line。
Outfielder外场手：
These three players catch the “fly balls” and field the base hits that go through the infield。 They need to have strong throwing arms to get the baseball back into the infield to prevent runners from advancing along the bases。
left outfielder左外，center outfielder中外，right outfielder右外。
Offense or Offensive攻队或攻队队员：
Team； or any player of the team； at bat。
Batter击球员：
Offensive player who takes his position in the batter's box。
Batter Runner击跑员：
Term that identifies the offensive player who has just finished his time at bat until he is put out or until the play on which he became a runner ends。
Runner跑垒员：
Offensive player who is advancing toward； or touching； or returning to any base。
Base Coach跑垒指导员：
Team member in uniform who is stationed in the coach's box at first or third base to direct the batter and the runners。
Designated Hitter（投手）代打：
A rule adopted by the American League in 1973 which allows each team to appoint a hitter to substitute at bat for pitcher。 That hitter need not play in the field； but he may take a regular turn at bat in place of the pitcher； in any position in the batting order the manager chooses to insert him。
Pinch Hitter代打：
One batter substituted for another； so called because he is usually used in a pinch…when there are runners on base late in the game and a hit is needed。
Pinch Runner替跑：
A runner who substitutes for a teammate who has already reached a base； the original runner is out of the game from that time on。 A pinch runner is used because he is faster than the man on base。
Relief Pitcher救援投手：
A substitute pitcher who replaces the starting pitcher or another relief pitcher。
Rules of Baseball （1）
棒球的规则
Throughout the game； play revolves around the action between the pitcher and the batter。 The pitcher has the first opportunity to put the batter out。 Pitchers throw the ball to the batter； usually attempting to pass it through the strike zone； an area directly over home plate and roughly between the batter's armpits and knees。 Pitches thrown into this area that the batter does not hit are called strikes。 Strikes also include （1） pitches that the batter swings at but does not hit and （2） the first two times that a batter hits the ball into foul territory。 After three strikes； a batter is out。 Pitches outside of the strike zone that the batter does not swing at are called balls。 If a pitcher throws four balls； the batter proceeds to first base。 This is called a base on balls or a walk。 An umpire determines whether pitches are strikes or balls。 Batters who reach base safely are referred to as base runners。 Base runners can proceed to the next base when a subsequent batter hits the ball。 If a batted ball is caught on a fly； the runner may advance； but may only leave the current base after the catch is made。 Subsequent batters sometimes sacrifice their chance for getting a base hit in order to advance the runner。 One way to do this is to hit a sacrifice fly ball。 Another way is to bunt—that is； simply hold the bat out