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②aim用作及物动词时，表示“瞄准”，后跟表示武器的名词或代词作宾语，以at短语表示瞄准的目标；aim偶尔可用作不及物动词，表示“针对”，也常与at短语搭配。
He picked up a stone and aimed it at the dog。他捡起一块石头朝狗扔去。
③aim表示“意欲”、“志在”或“目的在于”时，可跟动词不定式作宾语，也可跟at短语。
I aim at becoming an astronaut。（英）/I aim to become an astronaut。（美）我的目标是要成为一名宇航员。
14。It seems to be love at first byte for China and computers。（INTEGRATING SKILLS）这就好像中国和计算机一见钟情一样。
byte是计算机用语，意为“（二进制）字节”、“（二进制）位元组”。句中at first byte等于at first sight，表示“初见”、“乍见”、“未加研究”等。
He fell in love with her at first sight。他对她一见钟情。
15。For the first time ever； scientists have been able to create a chemical element that can fight cancer cells。（INTEGRATING SKILLS）科学家有史以来第一次有能力创造出能够杀死癌细胞的化学元素。
（1）for the first time属于固定搭配，是介词短语，在句中一般用作状语，意为“第一次”。
He cast his net for the first time； and drew in a dead donkey。 他撒了第一网，拉上来一头死驴。
（2）create的用法
create是及物动词，意为“创造”，与invent同义，后跟名词或代词作宾语。
Unit 11 Scientific achievement单元语法知识归纳
构词法（一）——合成法
1。合成词的概念
将两个或者两个以上的词组合在一起而形成新的词，叫做合成词。
longterm 长期的openair 户外的homesick 想家的；思念家乡的 sightseeing 观光
crossroad 十字路口 takeoff起飞
2。合成词的常见构成方式
（1）合成形容词的常见构成方式
①形容词＋名词＋ed
kindhearted 心肠好的 coldblooded 冷血的
nobleminded 高尚的 goodtempered 脾气好的
②形容词＋动词的…ing形式
goodlooking 好看的 finesounding 动听的
easygoing 脾气随和的，随便的
③副词＋动词的…ing形式
hardworking 勤劳的 farreaching 深远的
④名词＋动词的…ing形式
peaceloving 热爱和平的 epochmaking 划时代的
⑤名词＋动词＋ed
stateowned 国有的 heartfelt 由衷的
radioequipped 装备有无线电的 Chinesedesigned 中国设计的
⑥副词＋动词＋ed
widelyused 广泛使用的 wellknown 著名的
widespread 广泛流传的
⑦形容词＋名词
largescale 大规模的 highclass 高级的
everyday 日常的 worldfamous 世界著名的
⑧名词＋形容词
airsick 晕机的 dutyfree 免税的
⑨基数词＋名词＋形容词
fouryearold 四岁的 twometretall 两米高
tenfootdeep 十英尺深
（2）合成名词的常见构成方式
①名词＋名词
silkworm 蚕bloodtest 验血halfmoon半月（形）
②形容词＋名词
doubledealer 两面派 shorthand 速记
③动词的…ing形式＋名词
waitingroom 候车室 sleepingpill 安眠药
④动词＋名词
pickpocket 扒手 breakwater 防波堤
⑤名词＋动词的…ing形式
handwriting 书法 sunbathing 日光浴
⑥动词＋副词
gettogether 联欢会 breakthrough 突破
⑦副词＋动词
outbreak 爆发 downfall 垮台
（3）合成动词的常见构成方式
①名词＋动词
sleepwalk 梦游
②副词＋动词
overthrow 推翻 undergo 经历
③形容词＋动词
whitewash 粉刷 blacklist 列入黑名单
（4）其他合成词
maybe 或许 myself 我自己
moreover 而且 forever 永远地
everything 一切 however 但是
wholeheartedly 全心全意地 nevertheless 尽管如此
Unit 11 Scientific achievement单元同步小测试
一、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1。Dr。Bethune devoted his whole life to 。
A。 benefit mankind B。 benefit the mankind
C。 benefiting mankind D。 benefiting the mankind
2。He’s to know the answer。
A。 likely B。 probable C。 maybe D。 possible
3。 a foreign language； you ought to have a lot of 。
A。 To master； practice B。 Mastering； practise
C。 To grasp； practice D。 Grasping； practise
4。The airline for a plane to take us to Boston yesterday。
A。 called B。 arranged C。 asked D。 sent
5。 teaches 。
A。 Failure； success B。 Success； failure
C。 Fail； succeed D。 Succeed； fail
6。He hopes to all his aims by the end of the year。
A。 gain B。 receive C。 achieve D。 get
7。The broadcasting station last night that a typhoon was approaching。
A。 declared B。 announced C。 proclaimed D。 published
8。The most important of his speech was that we should all work whole…heartedly for the people。
A。 element B。 spot C。 sense D。 point
9。We him； but he would not listen to us。
A。 persuaded B。 tried to persuade C。 want to persuade D。 advise
10。I smoke out of habit； not for pleasure； for I have been in the habit for twenty years。
A。 a； the B。 the； a C。 /； the D。 /； /
11。—Emily； my husband is too lazy！
—My husband is no more helpful。 When I am rushed off my feet doing housework； he never lifts a （an） to help。
A。 lip B。 hand C。 finger D。 eye
12。Only in that way find out how this kind of animal lived and then finish the research on time。
A。 could they B。 they could C。 were they able to D。 they were able to
13。Children； for example； in my opinion； creative ability is unthinkably rich； is seldom taken notice of by us； should be trained in that areA。
A。 which； that B。 which； which C。 whose； which D。 whose； that
14。To our surprise； the painting considered should have won the prize。
A。 being copied B。 having been copied
C。 to have copied D。 to have been copied
15。—Jack； you sweep the floor today； ？
—But I swept it yesterday。
A。 have you B。 will you C。 didn’t you D。 don’t you
二、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1。5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16—35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
This was one of my experiences at work。 When I was 16； I was working for a large international company which had its head office in London。 I was working in the 17 department。
The company had a training centre which was just outside London。 Different courses were 18 there throughout the year and I 19 go on one training course a year。 These usually started 20 a Sunday evening and lasted six days。
Once I was 21 a week’s training course with about forty 22 sales people。 I was in the bar on the Friday evening and suddenly a woman who was 23 behind the bar asked me a curious question。 “I hope you don’t 24 my asking；” she said； “but I’ve been 25 about it all week。 Have you got a sister 26 Mary？” The woman’s name was June； and she used to do various jobs at the training centre。 She worked in the office； she organized all the food and drink for the centre and she worked in the bar at lunchtime and in the evening。
My answer 27 June’s question was “Yes”； and June said； “I thought 28。 I met her last September when she was organizing a course here。” At that time； my sister was working for29 company but in a different part of the country。 That was 30 she came to be at the training centre。
31 surprised me was how June guessed we were brother and sister。 Three things made it even more 32。 First； she had met my sister six months before she met me。 Second； they have about sixty new people every week at the training centre。 So about one thousand five hundred people had 33 the centre in those six months。 And 34； my si